Ma`rifat Siyasi

The contemporary international system is the product of multi-century processes of colonial expansion, great power rivalry, and the formation of liberal-democratic political philosophy. It is shaped by the logic of power, balancing, and hegemonic consolidation, providing both soft and hard tools for domination and preserving the superiority of colonial powers. How to engage with this order has become a fundamental question in contemporary Islamic discourse. Using a descriptive-analytical method, the present study answers the question: How is the model of engagement with this system explained in the thought of ‘Allāmah Miṣbāḥ Yazdī, and what is the place of interaction and confrontation within this model? The results indicate that active and ideal-oriented confrontation constitutes the main strategy for engaging with this order in his thought, theorized in the form of the theory of resistance. However, with the aim of establishing a just world order, while prioritizing confrontation, he also considers the possibility of purposeful and identity-based interaction under specific conditions. Accordingly, the theory of resistance is not merely a confrontational strategy but a comprehensive framework for calibrating the relationship between interaction and confrontation with the hegemonic system and for paving the way for the establishment of a just order toward the creation of a new Islamic civilization.