Ma`rifat Siyasi

Compared to jurisprudence (fiqh), theology (Kalam) and its branch, political theology, has faced many problems for various reasons, and has been marginalized and underestimated in its epistemological process. Theologians have been relying on the past research findings for centuries. Based on the Thomas Springs’ methodology model, this research traces the roots of this crisis and points out factors such as thematic instability, diversity in ends, multiplicity of problems and methods, interdisciplinarity and pressure of new methods. The research hypothesis is that the most important obstacle and fundamental problem of political theology is its entanglement in methodical crisis and confusion, and this crisis can be resolved through the reconstruction of an independent "methodological" system. The background of political theology indicates that it has been adapted to the above factors and conditions in two levels of "explanation and elaboration" and "defending and responding to doubts" and has given way to a plurality of methods; But in the field of "knowledge development “and "innovation and theorization", it somehow faces a deadlock. According to Ayatollah Khamenei, this stagnation can be overcome by accepting the authority of the "method of ijtihad."