معرفت سیاسی

Islamic Revolution and Recovering the Intra-cultural and Cross-cultural Heritage in Modern Civilization

Abuzar Mazaheri Moghaddam / Assistant Professor, Department of the History of Contemporary Thought, IKI                                                                                                                               mashrooteh@qabas.net

Received: 2015/11/18 - Accepted: 2016/04/21

Abstract

Civilization heritages, intra-cultural heritages and cross-cultural achievements, can become the capacities for the new Islamic civilization in the Islamic Revolution's struggle for the civilization-building. This conversion requires the conditions and the supplies of which are the main purpose of this research. Taking advantage of "intra-cultural heritage" depends on the four conditions, historicity, preserving and maintaining the heritage, current situation and future prospects of a nation and historical continuity and centrality. Accessing to civilizational treasures, lacking of gap between past and future, the genuine and independent civilization-building mobility of a nation are the three prerequisite conditions for the transformation of an intra-cultural heritage into a civilizational capacity. The requisite condition for the transformation of a cross-cultural heritage into a capacity for new civilization-building is that, the assets should be adapted from a defunct culture or the one that lost its dynamism and vitality. Adopting, in addition to self-esteem and avoiding intimidation from the dominant civilization, requires the de-ideologizing and modifying to transform the assets of the dominant culture. It seems that, the IRI provides the ground for the conversion of the civilization's assets to a civilizational capacity.

Keywords: the historical capacities of intra-cultural heritages, cross-cultural heritages, Islamic revolution, civilizational passivity.

The Role of Propaganda in the 19 August 1953 Coup based on US Diplomatic Documents

Hakimeh Saghaye-Biria / Assistant Professor, Faculty of Islamic Education and Thought, University of Tehran                                                                                                                                 hakimehbiria@ut.ac.ir

Received: 2018/09/16 - Accepted: 2018/12/23

Abstract

Using a "process oriented model of propaganda analysis," this paper seeks to retrieve dominant American propaganda messages and media techniques and networks used in the 1953 coup in Iran. An investigation of the official correspondence of the main actors of the coup based on US diplomatic documents shows that American officials considered the anti-imperialist nature of Iran's public opinion especially in the case of the independence-seeking political Islam led by Ayatollah Kashani as the main obstacle to their policies in the region. In other words, the American actors considered "radical nationalism" and "militant Islamism" as two ideological barriers to the interests of the West and the United States in Iran. The present research seeks to study the why and how of the American psychological warfare to influence public opinion in Iran as a vital step in the pursuit of the coup. Mossadegh's failure to discredit the propaganda campaign led to the successful advent of American propaganda. Accordingly, not only did the United States create a coup against Mossadegh, but with the weakening of Ayatollah Kashani, it created a coup against his attempts to elevate the national oil movement to a more comprehensive independence-seeking Islamic movement.

Keywords: the coup attempt of 19 August, propaganda, psychological warfare, public opinion, the US Foreign Relations Documents

The Political Participation Methods and Platforms in the Pattern of Progress

Mojtaba Norouzi / Assistant Professor at the Islamic Studies Department, Shahr-e Kord Uni.

m.norouzi88@yahoo.com

Saeed Safi Shalamzari / Assistant Professor at the Department of Law, Shahr-e Kord Uni.

Abbasali Rahbar / Associate Professor at the Department of the Political Science, Allameh Tabataba'i Uni.

Received: 2017/08/10 - Accepted: 2018/01/07

Abstract

This paper seeks to explain the political participation methods and platforms in the pattern of progress in the form of "double-sided pattern of assignment-brokerage", while explaining the meaning of "assignment pattern" and "brokerage pattern". The authors of the article believe that, "the support partnership", "the decision-making partnership" and "the supervisory participation" are three ways for contributing in the pattern of Islamic progress based on the "double-sided pattern of assignment and brokerage", which facilitates maximum participation in the process of "decision making" commensurate with the community and taking benefit from the elite's capacity. Establishing a "decision-making institution" and designing a "supervisory institution" provides a model for the political participation in the form of "promoting supervisory participation" and "restrictive supervisory participation", which transforms the partnership model into a "guideline- reform" model. "Precision and cleverness in choice" and paying attention to "trust", "knowledge", theoretical and practical strength of the brokers, "people satisfaction" "accountability of brokers", "love of service", also the "distribution of responsibilities efficiency of the system" are among the indicators of this Islamic political participation pattern. This partnership pattern, which is based on of popular selection and elite competition, has some requirements in terms of insight, knowledge, action, and tendency.

Keywords: political participation, the pattern of progress, double-sided pattern, people, the elite.

The Principle of "Territorial Unity"; Implications and Challenges

Qasim Shabannia / Associate Professor, IKI                                            shaban1351@yahoo.com

Received: 2018/05/01 - Accepted: 2018/10/20

Abstract

The principle of "territorial unity" is among the fundamental principles in jurisprudence and Islamic political system. This principle, which rooted in the universal mission of Islam, causes practical implications in the political jurisprudence, among the most important implications of this; one can refer to the principle of the "unity of the Imam", as well as the lack of originality of the geographical boundaries, including contractual boundaries and beliefs. Using inference from authoritative sources and analysis of Islamic texts, this paper implies that, the principle of territorial unity is rooted in the universal mission of Islam. Therefore, it refers to the mission of the Islamic government towards the entire human community. So, firstly, human society is not multiform based on the transcendental goals of Islam, thus, the principle of "unity of Imam or Caliph" is an essential principle of many Islamic sects. Secondly, any types of boundary between lands, whether beliefs or contracts, is unjustifiable. Of course, the principle of "territorial unity", "the principle of the unity of the Imam" and the principle of "negation of any delimitation among human societies" depicts the idealistic view of Islam towards the international relations, but Islam also provides an alternative to the current international status in which territorial multiplicity and geographical delineations are accepted under conditions. But these boundaries, firstly, do not negate the international mission of the Islamic government. Secondly, it does not count as a criterion for valuing individuals. Thirdly, it does not negate the priority of the Shiites over the other Muslims, as well as the priority of Muslims over the others, and also the priority of the People of the Book over the infidels and to the polytheists.

Keywords: jurisprudence, the principle of territorial unity, unity of Imam, the boundaries of belief, the contractual boundaries.

An In-Depth Investigation of Sadr al-Muta'līn's Anthropological Foundations' Role in the Analysis of the Utopia

Seyyed Ahmad Hashemi / Ph.D. Student of Philosophy, IKI               ahmad2094@anjomedu.ir

Ahmad Hussein Sharifi / Associate Professor of the Department of Philosophy, IKI

Received: 2018/04/21 - Accepted: 2018/10/16

Abstract

Utopia as a theory in politics has been an important topic in practical wisdom from the ancient Greece till now. Considering the influence of the practical wisdom from the theoretical wisdom, especially on the topic of anthropology, this question may arise as to whether any changes would be considered in the analysis of the utopia or not in the light of Sadr al-Muta'līn's innovations in anthropology. Therefore, this paper seeks to study the possible effects of the anthropological foundations of Sadr al-Muta'līn in analyzing or completing the theory of Utopia. Using descriptive narrative method this paper explains the Mulla Sadra's foundations and whatness of the theory of utopia, and then, using analytical-philosophical method, it studies the role of each of the specific anthropological foundations of Sadr al-Muta'līn in the analysis of the components of the utopia. Explaining more details about the characteristics of the Chairman of this city and its adaptation to the infallible, proving the permanent need of Velayat-e Faqih in the absence of the infallible, uniting the ubiquitous people with each other and with the Chairman of the city and forming a certain specific form for every single person in the utopia due to his recognition and affection towards the Imam of community are among the most important achievements of this research.

Keywords: utopia, Anthropology of Sadraism, Substantial Motion, the Unity of the Knower and the Known, the Chairman.

An In-Depth Analysis of the Identity Crisis Resolution Patterns and its Adaptation to the Contemporary Afghanistan

Mohammad Javad Mohseni / Ph.D. of Student of Sociology, IKI   jawadmohseni@gmail.com

Seyyed Husein Sharafuddin / Associate Professor, IKI

Received: 2017/01/25 - Accepted: 2017/07/15

Abstract

This paper study and analyze "the identity crisis resolution patterns and its adaptation to the contemporary Afghanistan." Afghanistan is a multicultural country, which has been involved in devastating wars for almost three decades. Without denying the role of external interventions, this paper discusses the causes, factors and the main solutions to this long-standing war in the Afghan society, and linked it to the "national identity crisis". There are two theoretical models to solve the identity crisis, which include multiculturalism and homogenization. Given the failure of the unified model of identity crisis resolution in multicultural countries, the multicultural model for solving this problem seems to be more efficient in these countries than the previous pattern. Of course, the success of this pattern depends on the proper use of the cultural capacities of the Afghan community itself, which must be formulated and localized in accordance with the ethnic-cultural criteria and the objective needs and vital necessities of this society. In this regard, genuine religious concepts such as human equality, ethnic-cultural diversity, human dignity and social justice can be taken into consideration.

Keywords: Multiculturalism, Homogenization, identity, Identity Crisis, nation, Afghanistan.